Table of Contents
1. Methodology and Scope
1.1. Methodology
1.1.1. Initial data exploration
1.1.2. Statistical model and forecast
1.1.3. Industry insights and validation
1.1.4. Definitions forecast parameters
1.2. Data sources
1.2.1. Secondary
1.2.2. Primary
2 Market Overview
2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Introduction
2.2 Market Analysis by Type
2.2.1 ?5 MW
2.2.2 10~20 MW
2.2.3 Others
2.3 Market Analysis by Applications
2.3.1 Power Generation
2.3.2 Heat Distribution
2.4 Market Analysis by Regions
2.4.1 North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
2.4.1.1 United States Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.1.2 Canada Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.1.3 Mexico Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.2 Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy)
2.4.2.1 Germany Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.2.2 France Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.2.3 UK Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.2.4 Russia Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.2.5 Italy Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.3 Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia)
2.4.3.1 China Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.3.2 Japan Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.3.3 Korea Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.3.4 India Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.3.5 Southeast Asia Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.4 South America, Middle East and Africa
2.4.4.1 Brazil Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.4.2 Egypt Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.4.3 Saudi Arabia Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.4.4 South Africa Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.4.4.5 Nigeria Market States and Outlook (2013-2026)
2.5 Market Dynamics
2.5.1 Market Opportunities
2.5.2 Market Risk
2.5.3 Market Driving Force
2.6 Market Competition News and Trend
2.6.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
2.6.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
2.6.3 New Product Development and Launch
3 Global Biomass Heating Plant Market Competition, by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Market Share by Manufacturer (2016-2018)
3.2 Global Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Market Share by Manufacturer (2016-2018)
3.3 Global Biomass Heating Plant Price by Manufacturer (2016-2018)
3.4 Market Concentration Rate
3.4.1 Top 3 Biomass Heating Plant Manufacturer Market Share in 2018
3.4.2 Top 5 Biomass Heating Plant Manufacturer Market Share in 2018
3.5 Market Competition Trend
4 Manufacturers Profiles
4.1 EON
4.1.1 Business Overview
4.1.1.1 EON Description
4.1.1.2 EON Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.1.2 EON Product Name Product Introduction
4.1.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.1.2.2 EON Product Name Product Introduction
4.1.3 EON Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.1.3.1 EON Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.1.3.2 Global EON Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.2 Dong Energy
4.2.1 Business Overview
4.2.1.1 Dong Energy Description
4.2.1.2 Dong Energy Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.2.2 Dong Energy Product Name Product Introduction
4.2.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.2.2.2 Dong Energy Product Name Product Introduction
4.2.3 Dong Energy Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.2.3.1 Dong Energy Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.2.3.2 Global Dong Energy Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.3 Drax Group
4.3.1 Business Overview
4.3.1.1 Drax Group Description
4.3.1.2 Drax Group Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.3.2 Drax Group Product Name Product Introduction
4.3.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.3.2.2 Drax Group Product Name Product Introduction
4.3.3 Drax Group Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.3.3.1 Drax Group Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.3.3.2 Global Drax Group Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.4 Aalborg
4.4.1 Business Overview
4.4.1.1 Aalborg Description
4.4.1.2 Aalborg Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.4.2 Aalborg Product Name Product Introduction
4.4.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.4.2.2 Aalborg Product Name Product Introduction
4.4.3 Aalborg Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.4.3.1 Aalborg Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.4.3.2 Global Aalborg Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.5 Comsa
4.5.1 Business Overview
4.5.1.1 Comsa Description
4.5.1.2 Comsa Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.5.2 Comsa Product Name Product Introduction
4.5.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.5.2.2 Comsa Product Name Product Introduction
4.5.3 Comsa Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.5.3.1 Comsa Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.5.3.2 Global Comsa Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.6 Abantia
4.6.1 Business Overview
4.6.1.1 Abantia Description
4.6.1.2 Abantia Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.6.2 Abantia Product Name Product Introduction
4.6.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.6.2.2 Abantia Product Name Product Introduction
4.6.3 Abantia Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.6.3.1 Abantia Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.6.3.2 Global Abantia Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.7 Aker Group
4.7.1 Business Overview
4.7.1.1 Aker Group Description
4.7.1.2 Aker Group Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.7.2 Aker Group Product Name Product Introduction
4.7.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.7.2.2 Aker Group Product Name Product Introduction
4.7.3 Aker Group Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.7.3.1 Aker Group Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.7.3.2 Global Aker Group Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.8 Fortum Keilaniemi
4.8.1 Business Overview
4.8.1.1 Fortum Keilaniemi Description
4.8.1.2 Fortum Keilaniemi Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.8.2 Fortum Keilaniemi Product Name Product Introduction
4.8.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.8.2.2 Fortum Keilaniemi Product Name Product Introduction
4.8.3 Fortum Keilaniemi Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.8.3.1 Fortum Keilaniemi Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.8.3.2 Global Fortum Keilaniemi Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.9 Eidsiva Fjernvarme
4.9.1 Business Overview
4.9.1.1 Eidsiva Fjernvarme Description
4.9.1.2 Eidsiva Fjernvarme Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.9.2 Eidsiva Fjernvarme Product Name Product Introduction
4.9.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.9.2.2 Eidsiva Fjernvarme Product Name Product Introduction
4.9.3 Eidsiva Fjernvarme Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.9.3.1 Eidsiva Fjernvarme Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.9.3.2 Global Eidsiva Fjernvarme Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.10 Suez
4.10.1 Business Overview
4.10.1.1 Suez Description
4.10.1.2 Suez Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.10.2 Suez Product Name Product Introduction
4.10.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.10.2.2 Suez Product Name Product Introduction
4.10.3 Suez Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.10.3.1 Suez Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.10.3.2 Global Suez Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.11 Statkraft
4.11.1 Business Overview
4.11.1.1 Statkraft Description
4.11.1.2 Statkraft Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.11.2 Statkraft Product Name Product Introduction
4.11.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.11.2.2 Statkraft Product Name Product Introduction
4.11.3 Statkraft Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.11.3.1 Statkraft Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.11.3.2 Global Statkraft Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.12 EHP
4.12.1 Business Overview
4.12.1.1 EHP Description
4.12.1.2 EHP Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.12.2 EHP Product Name Product Introduction
4.12.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.12.2.2 EHP Product Name Product Introduction
4.12.3 EHP Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.12.3.1 EHP Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.12.3.2 Global EHP Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.13 VATTENFALL
4.13.1 Business Overview
4.13.1.1 VATTENFALL Description
4.13.1.2 VATTENFALL Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.13.2 VATTENFALL Product Name Product Introduction
4.13.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.13.2.2 VATTENFALL Product Name Product Introduction
4.13.3 VATTENFALL Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.13.3.1 VATTENFALL Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.13.3.2 Global VATTENFALL Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.14 ZE PAK
4.14.1 Business Overview
4.14.1.1 ZE PAK Description
4.14.1.2 ZE PAK Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.14.2 ZE PAK Product Name Product Introduction
4.14.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.14.2.2 ZE PAK Product Name Product Introduction
4.14.3 ZE PAK Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.14.3.1 ZE PAK Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.14.3.2 Global ZE PAK Product Name Market Share in 2018
4.15 MGT Power
4.15.1 Business Overview
4.15.1.1 MGT Power Description
4.15.1.2 MGT Power Headquarter, Main Business and Finance Overview
4.15.2 MGT Power Product Name Product Introduction
4.15.2.1 Biomass Heating Plant Production Bases, Sales Regions and Major Competitors
4.15.2.2 MGT Power Product Name Product Introduction
4.15.3 MGT Power Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.15.3.1 MGT Power Product Name Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2016-2018)
4.15.3.2 Global MGT Power Product Name Market Share in 2018
5 Global Biomass Heating Plant Market Analysis by Regions
5.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Regions
5.1.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Regions (2013-2018)
5.1.2 Global Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Regions (2013-2018)
5.2 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
5.3 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
5.4 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
5.5 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
5.6 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
6 North America Biomass Heating Plant by Countries, Type, Application and Manufacturers
6.1 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
6.1.1 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Countries (2013-2018)
6.1.2 North America Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Countries (2013-2018)
6.1.3 United States Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
6.1.4 Canada Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
6.1.5 Mexico Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
6.2 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Revenue (Value) by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
6.2.1 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
6.2.2 North America Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
6.3 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
6.3.1 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
6.3.2 North America Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
6.4 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
6.4.1 North America Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Application (2013-2018)
6.4.2 North America Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Application (2013-2018)
7 Europe Biomass Heating Plant by Countries, Type, Application and Manufacturers
7.1 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
7.1.1 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Countries (2013-2018)
7.1.2 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Countries (2013-2018)
7.1.3 Germany Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
7.1.4 UK Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
7.1.5 France Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
7.1.6 Russia Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
7.1.7 Italy Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
7.2 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Revenue (Value) by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
7.2.1 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
7.2.2 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
7.3 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
7.3.1 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
7.3.2 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
7.4 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
7.4.1 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Application (2013-2018)
7.4.2 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Application (2013-2018)
8 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant by Countries, Type, Application and Manufacturers
8.1 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
8.1.1 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Countries (2013-2018)
8.1.2 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Countries (2013-2018)
8.1.3 China Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
8.1.4 Japan Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
8.1.5 Korea Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
8.1.6 India Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
8.1.7 Southeast Asia Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
8.2 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Revenue (Value) by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
8.2.1 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
8.2.2 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
8.3 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
8.3.1 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
8.3.2 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
8.4 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
8.4.1 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Application (2013-2018)
8.4.2 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Application (2013-2018)
9 South America Biomass Heating Plant by Countries, Type, Application and Manufacturers
9.1 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
9.1.1 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Countries (2013-2018)
9.1.2 South America Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Countries (2013-2018)
9.1.3 Brazil Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
9.1.4 Argentina Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
9.1.5 Colombia Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
9.2 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Revenue (Value) by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
9.2.1 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
9.2.2 South America Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
9.3 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
9.3.1 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
9.3.2 South America Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
9.4 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
9.4.1 South America Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Application (2013-2018)
9.4.2 South America Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Application (2013-2018)
10 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant by Countries, Type, Application and Manufacturers
10.1 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Countries
10.1.1 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Countries (2013-2018)
10.1.2 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Countries (2013-2018)
10.1.3 Saudi Arabia Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
10.1.4 UAE Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
10.1.5 Egypt Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
10.1.6 Nigeria Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
10.1.7 South Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
10.2 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Revenue (Value) by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
10.2.1 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
10.2.2 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Revenue by Manufacturers (2016-2018)
10.3 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
10.3.1 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
10.3.1 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
10.4 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
10.4.1 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Sales Share by Application (2013-2018)
10.4.2 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Revenue Share by Application (2013-2018)
11 Global Biomass Heating Plant Market Segment by Type
11.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
11.1.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
11.1.2 Global Biomass Heating Plant Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
11.2 ?5 MW Sales Growth Rate and Price
11.2.1 Global ?5 MW Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
11.2.2 Global ?5 MW Price (2013-2018)
11.3 10~20 MW Sales Growth Rate and Price
11.3.1 Global 10~20 MW Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
11.3.2 Global 10~20 MW Price (2013-2018)
11.4 Others Sales Growth Rate and Price
11.4.1 Global Others Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
11.4.2 Global Others Price (2013-2018)
12 Global Biomass Heating Plant Market Segment by Application
12.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
12.2 Power Generation Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
12.3 Heat Distribution Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
13 Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast (2019-2026)
13.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate (2019-2026)
13.2 Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast by Regions (2019-2026)
13.2.1 North America Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast (2019-2026)
13.2.2 Europe Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast (2019-2026)
13.2.3 Asia-Pacific Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast (2019-2026)
13.2.4 South America Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast (2019-2026)
13.2.5 Middle East and Africa Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast (2019-2026)
13.3 Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast by Type (2019-2026)
13.3.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales Forecast by Type (2019-2026)
13.3.2 Global Biomass Heating Plant Market Share Forecast by Type (2019-2026)
13.4 Biomass Heating Plant Market Forecast by Application (2019-2026)
13.4.1 Global Biomass Heating Plant Sales Forecast by Application (2019-2026)
13.4.2 Global Biomass Heating Plant Market Share Forecast by Application (2019-2026)
14 Sales Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers
14.1 Sales Channel
14.1.1 Direct Marketing
14.1.2 Indirect Marketing
14.1.3 Marketing Channel Future Trend
14.2 Market Positioning
14.2.1 Pricing Strategy
14.2.2 Brand Strategy
14.2.3 Target Client
14.3 Distributors, Traders and Dealers
15 Research Findings and Conclusion