Table of Contents
Part 1 Market Overview
1.1 Market Definition
1.2 Market Development
1.3 By Type
Table Type of Gaming Simulators
Figure Global Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020
1.4 By Application
Table Application of Gaming Simulators
Figure Global Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020
1.5 Region Overview
Table Region of Gaming Simulators
Figure Global Gaming Simulators Market Share by Region in 2020
Part 2 Global Market Status and Future Forecast
2.1 Global Market by Region
Table Global Gaming Simulators Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Global Gaming Simulators Market Share by Region in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Region, 2015-2019
2.2 Global Market by Company
Table Global Gaming Simulators Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Global Gaming Simulators Market Share by Company in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Company, 2015-2019
2.3 Global Market by Type
Table Global Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Global Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
2.4 Global Market by Application
Table Global Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Global Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
2.5 Global Market by Forecast
Figure Global Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Part 3 Asia-Pacific Market Status and Future Forecast
3.1 Asia-Pacific Market by Company
Table Asia-Pacific Gaming Simulators Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Asia-Pacific Gaming Simulators Market Share by Company in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Company, 2015-2019
3.2 Asia-Pacific Market by Type
Table Asia-Pacific Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Asia-Pacific Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
3.3 Asia-Pacific Market by Application
Table Asia-Pacific Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Asia-Pacific Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
3.4 Asia-Pacific Market by Forecast
Figure Asia-Pacific Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 4 Asia-Pacific Market by Geography
4.1 China Market Status and Future Forecast
4.1.1 China Market by Type
Table China Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure China Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
4.1.2 China Market by Application
Table China Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure China Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
4.1.3 China Market by Forecast
Figure China Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
4.2 Southeast Asia Market Status and Future Forecast
4.2.1 Southeast Asia Market by Type
Table Southeast Asia Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
4.2.2 Southeast Asia Market by Application
Table Southeast Asia Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
4.2.3 Southeast Asia Market by Forecast
Figure Southeast Asia Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
4.3 India Market Status and Future Forecast
4.3.1 India Market by Type
Table India Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure India Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
4.3.2 India Market by Application
Table India Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure India Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
4.3.3 India Market by Forecast
Figure India Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
4.4 Japan Market Status and Future Forecast
4.4.1 Japan Market by Type
Table Japan Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
4.4.2 Japan Market by Application
Table Japan Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
4.4.3 Japan Market by Forecast
Figure Japan Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
4.5 Korea Market Status and Future Forecast
4.5.1 Korea Market by Type
Table Korea Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Korea Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
4.5.2 Korea Market by Application
Table Korea Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Korea Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
4.5.3 Korea Market by Forecast
Figure Korea Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
4.6 Oceania Market Status and Future Forecast
4.6.1 Oceania Market by Type
Table Oceania Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Oceania Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
4.6.2 Oceania Market by Application
Table Oceania Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Oceania Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
4.6.3 Oceania Market by Forecast
Figure Oceania Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 5 Europe Market Status and Future Forecast
5.1 Europe Market by Region
Table Europe Gaming Simulators Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Gaming Simulators Market Share by Region in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Region, 2015-2019
5.2 Europe Market by Company
Table Europe Gaming Simulators Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Gaming Simulators Market Share by Company in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Company, 2015-2019
5.3 Europe Market by Type
Table Europe Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
5.4 Europe Market by Application
Table Europe Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
5.5 Europe Market by Forecast
Figure Europe Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 6 Europe Market by Geography
6.1 Germany Market Status and Future Forecast
6.1.1 Germany Market by Type
Table Germany Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Germany Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.1.2 Germany Market by Application
Table Germany Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Germany Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.1.3 Germany Market by Forecast
Figure Germany Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
6.2 UK Market Status and Future Forecast
6.2.1 UK Market by Type
Table UK Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure UK Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.2.2 UK Market by Application
Table UK Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure UK Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.2.3 UK Market by Forecast
Figure UK Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
6.3 France Market Status and Future Forecast
6.3.1 France Market by Type
Table France Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure France Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.3.2 France Market by Application
Table France Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure France Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.3.3 France Market by Forecast
Figure France Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
6.4 Italy Market Status and Future Forecast
6.4.1 Italy Market by Type
Table Italy Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Italy Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.4.2 Italy Market by Application
Table Italy Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Italy Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.4.3 Italy Market by Forecast
Figure Italy Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
6.5 Russia Market Status and Future Forecast
6.5.1 Russia Market by Type
Table Russia Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Russia Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.5.2 Russia Market by Application
Table Russia Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Russia Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.5.3 Russia Market by Forecast
Figure Russia Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
6.6 Spain Market Status and Future Forecast
6.6.1 Spain Market by Type
Table Spain Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Spain Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.6.2 Spain Market by Application
Table Spain Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Spain Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.6.3 Spain Market by Forecast
Figure Spain Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
6.7 Netherlands Market Status and Future Forecast
6.7.1 Netherlands Market by Type
Table Netherlands Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Netherlands Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.7.2 Netherlands Market by Application
Table Netherlands Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Netherlands Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.7.3 Netherlands Market by Forecast
Figure Netherlands Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
6.8 Turkey Market Status and Future Forecast
6.8.1 Turkey Market by Type
Table Turkey Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Turkey Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.8.2 Turkey Market by Application
Table Turkey Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Turkey Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.8.3 Turkey Market by Forecast
Figure Turkey Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
6.9 Switzerland Market Status and Future Forecast
6.9.1 Switzerland Market by Type
Table Switzerland Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Switzerland Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
6.9.2 Switzerland Market by Application
Table Switzerland Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Switzerland Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
6.9.3 Switzerland Market by Forecast
Figure Switzerland Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 7 North America Market Status and Future Forecast
7.1 North America Market by Region
Table North America Gaming Simulators Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure North America Gaming Simulators Market Share by Region in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Region, 2015-2019
7.2 North America Market by Company
Table North America Gaming Simulators Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure North America Gaming Simulators Market Share by Company in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Company, 2015-2019
7.3 North America Market by Type
Table North America Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure North America Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
7.4 North America Market by Application
Table North America Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure North America Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
7.5 North America Market by Forecast
Figure North America Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 8 North America Market by Geography
8.1 United States Market Status and Future Forecast
8.1.1 United States Market by Type
Table United States Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure United States Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
8.1.2 United States Market by Application
Table United States Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure United States Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
8.1.3 United States Market by Forecast
Figure United States Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
8.2 Canada Market Status and Future Forecast
8.2.1 Canada Market by Type
Table Canada Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Canada Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
8.2.2 Canada Market by Application
Table Canada Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Canada Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
8.2.3 Canada Market by Forecast
Figure Canada Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
8.3 Mexico Market Status and Future Forecast
8.3.1 Mexico Market by Type
Table Mexico Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Mexico Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
8.3.2 Mexico Market by Application
Table Mexico Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Mexico Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
8.3.3 Mexico Market by Forecast
Figure Mexico Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 9 South America Market Status and Future Forecast
9.1 South America Market by Region
Table South America Gaming Simulators Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure South America Gaming Simulators Market Share by Region in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Region, 2015-2019
9.2 South America Market by Company
Table South America Gaming Simulators Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure South America Gaming Simulators Market Share by Company in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Company, 2015-2019
9.3 South America Market by Type
Table South America Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure South America Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
9.4 South America Market by Application
Table South America Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure South America Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
9.5 South America Market by Forecast
Figure South America Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 10 South America Market by Geography
10.1 Brazil Market Status and Future Forecast
10.1.1 Brazil Market by Type
Table Brazil Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Brazil Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
10.1.2 Brazil Market by Application
Table Brazil Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Brazil Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
10.1.3 Brazil Market by Forecast
Figure Brazil Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
10.2 Argentina Market Status and Future Forecast
10.2.1 Argentina Market by Type
Table Argentina Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Argentina Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
10.2.2 Argentina Market by Application
Table Argentina Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Argentina Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
10.2.3 Argentina Market by Forecast
Figure Argentina Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
10.3 Columbia Market Status and Future Forecast
10.3.1 Columbia Market by Type
Table Columbia Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Columbia Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
10.3.2 Columbia Market by Application
Table Columbia Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Columbia Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
10.3.3 Columbia Market by Forecast
Figure Columbia Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
10.4 Chile Market Status and Future Forecast
10.4.1 Chile Market by Type
Table Chile Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Chile Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
10.4.2 Chile Market by Application
Table Chile Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Chile Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
10.4.3 Chile Market by Forecast
Figure Chile Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
10.5 Peru Market Status and Future Forecast
10.5.1 Peru Market by Type
Table Peru Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Peru Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
10.5.2 Peru Market by Application
Table Peru Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Peru Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
10.5.3 Peru Market by Forecast
Figure Peru Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 11 Middle East & Africa Market Status and Future Forecast
11.1 Middle East & Africa Market by Region
Table Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market Share by Region in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Region, 2015-2019
11.2 Middle East & Africa Market by Company
Table Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market Share by Company in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Company, 2015-2019
11.3 Middle East & Africa Market by Type
Table Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
11.4 Middle East & Africa Market by Application
Table Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
11.5 Middle East & Africa Market by Forecast
Figure Middle East & Africa Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 12 Middle East & Africa Market by Geography
12.1 GCC Market Status and Future Forecast
12.1.1 GCC Market by Type
Table GCC Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure GCC Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
12.1.2 GCC Market by Application
Table GCC Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure GCC Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
12.1.3 GCC Market by Forecast
Figure GCC Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
12.2 North Africa Market Status and Future Forecast
12.2.1 North Africa Market by Type
Table North Africa Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure North Africa Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
12.2.2 North Africa Market by Application
Table North Africa Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure North Africa Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
12.2.3 North Africa Market by Forecast
Figure North Africa Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
12.3 South Africa Market Status and Future Forecast
12.3.1 South Africa Market by Type
Table South Africa Gaming Simulators Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure South Africa Gaming Simulators Market Share by Type in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
12.3.2 South Africa Market by Application
Table South Africa Gaming Simulators Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure South Africa Gaming Simulators Market Share by Application in 2020 (Million USD)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
12.3.3 South Africa Market by Forecast
Figure South Africa Gaming Simulators Market Forecast, 2020-2025 (Million USD)
Part 13 Key Companies
13.1 Simxperience (Villers Enterprises Ltd)
13.1.1 Simxperience (Villers Enterprises Ltd) Profile
Table Simxperience (Villers Enterprises Ltd) Overview List
13.1.2 Products & Services Overview
13.1.3 Sales Data List
Table Gaming Simulators Business Operation of Simxperience (Villers Enterprises Ltd) (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
13.2 Vesaro
13.3 Hammacher Schlemmer & Company Inc
13.4 Eleetus
13.5 D-BOX Technologies Inc
13.6 Sony Interactive Entertainment Inc
13.7 Cruden
13.8 CXC Simulations
13.9 Aeonsim (Sirens Theme)
13.10 Norman Design
Part 14 Conclusion